In terms of trauma surgery, fractures that are caused by trauma mostly require internal fixations such as steel plate, titanium bone plate, steel wire, etc. to remain in the body for more than two years or until the fracture is healed. Patients who have this fixation in their body are rightfully concerned about the safety as the device will be left inside the body. Generally, the titanium plates and other metals that are inserted are safe in the body. However, with the extension of time, the metals might gradually decompose due to the immersion of body fluids. There are some researches going on to solve this situation. But if you are thinking about whether titanium plates can be left in your body safely here are some of the reasons: -
· Orthopedic titanium plates have replaced stainless steel as it is more compatible with human biology, which means it is likely to cause a reaction. Also, when an inflammatory response occurs, it is mild and does not last. However, titanium can also be combined with other metals such as cobalt, chromium, etc. in order to create a light but durable material.
· There have been animal studies that show that there is an effect on the immune system. Also, there is evidence that the metal can cause the entire system to be suppressed. These metal implants can cause an increase in white blood cells. So, there is a worry that this effect could cause loosening of the implant or failure, though it has not been proven yet.
· Another problem with titanium plates is the debris that occurs. This can be tiny flakes of metal chip that might enter the bloodstream or nearby the soft tissues or joints. Both titanium and stainless steel have been found in the anatomical areas of the human body. However, titanium is slightly found in greater amounts as compared to stainless steel. Metal debris is more likely to develop when the implant is rubbing against another surface.
· One of the questions also arises whether this metal debris leads to the formation of cancer or not. Various studies have shown that there is a potential that these metal debris can cause damage to the chromosomes, making it carcinogenic. But there are various researches going on in order to solve this problem as well, but this question remains unanswered.
· However, placing a titanium or metal pin through the middle of the bone to stabilize it. It is likely to increase the amount of metal found in the bloodstream.
· Removing the titanium plates can slowly reduce the level of the metals in the blood and soft tissues. But it can take a year or more to remove and bring these elevated levels back to normal. However, there are not many studies that show the effects of the titanium plates from the treatment of volar radial fractures.
However, the risk associated with the use of titanium plate for bone fracture is acceptable as these involve the usage of nails through the bone. Therefore, future studies are needed to address these concerns and questions regarding the risk related to the plates.
